"They don’t talk in any detail about her life, and they don’t talk in any detail about her death. And, I imagine, this is because the metaphor would quickly fall apart if we actually confronted Green’s assertion that Anne Frank “just died of illness like most people.”
She did not die “like most people.” On Aug. 4, 1944, after two years in hiding in Amsterdam, Anne Frank, her parents, and her sister were arrested. She and her family were deported first to the Westerbork transit camp. On Sept. 3, they were moved to Auschwitz; they were confined for three days in a train car that had a bucket for human waste. Upon arrival, she, along with all the prisoners on the train, was forced to strip naked. Because she had just turned 15, she made the Nazis’ age cutoff and was not immediately sent to the gas chambers. She was a slave in the camps until she got scabies, likely because of the camp’s filthy living conditions and overcrowding; she was moved to the quarantine area, where the bodies of the dead were sometimes left for days at a time before they were dragged outside. Probably in October of 1944, she was moved to Bergen-Belsen — also severely overcrowded. Her clothes were infested with fleas and lice, and she eventually threw them away and wore a blanket instead, in the winter. She died there in 1945, emaciated and freezing, during a typhus outbreak. Her body was heaped on a pile of other bodies. When the camp was liberated by British soldiers, they found the ground blanketed with unburied corpses.
She’s not a metaphor for All People Who Die Young: She’s a real, historic person who was murdered, and to say, “She, like Hazel and Augustus, is a person who died young but still lived a meaningful life” robs her memory of its true meaning, which is that this slaughter, Shoah, was a senseless tragedy, the result of deliberate evil. Lidewij says “Anne Frank,” and the audience is just supposed to understand. And what we’re supposed to understand is not “a teenager’s emaciated body lying on the freezing ground in a pile of corpses.” We’re supposed to understand, “Ah, yes, Anne Frank, died young, very sad.” Cancer is heartbreaking, but it is not a genocide; it is not an organized mass murder, and to compare the two erases the intentional aspect of genocide.”