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#birkenau – @ukdamo on Tumblr
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Damian: posts feature the pen and the pixel

@ukdamo / ukdamo.tumblr.com

Gay guy in England's north west. Retired Forensic Learning Disability nurse. Travel: Photography: Music: Literature
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Night over Birkenau

Tadeusz Borowski

Again the night. Again the fearsome sky Gyres like a vulture, like a beast of prey It crouches on the camp, on the dead silence. Pale as a corpse, the moon sets far away.

And like a shield cast to the ground in battle, Amid the stars Azure Orion lies. On through the dark the transports' motors rattle. Then the gleam in the crematoria's eyes

Scalding and stifling. Slumber like a stone. Breath is choked out. The throat is slit and red. The heavy boot pressed down on the breast-bone Cracks like the silence of three million dead.

Night, endless night, and no light overland. The eyes are gassed with slumber, numb the brow. Here as God's Judgment on the world of man The murking fog comes down on Birkenau.

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Today's Flickr photo with the most hits is one taken in the penal barracks at Birkenau. It shows a mural painted in 1942 /43 by that penal company who were, under the most brutal conditions, digging a drainage canal / ditch on site - this is the Königsgraben.

The mural is an unusual survivor and shows a fairly uncompromising view of what conditions were like. It also demonstrates an undeniable pride in the achievement.

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Beautiful Day at Birkenau

Anne Haverty, on pitilessness

Even then, Surely even then, There must have been Days at Birkenau As beautiful As this.

And even then, On such a day, It was surely inevitable That you Could sense again, Just for a moment, The clemency Of things.

Beyond the watch-tower And the black-fanged fence Clemency. In the sunlit grass, in the sun Hazy over a wood, Its leaves Painted that October red You remember From the Matisse print Eva brought home That time From Paris. Some clemency even In the church spire that rises Beyond the wood.

And when the vixen Paused to scratch her ear And met your eye For a moment Before loping away Across the basking plain After a hen or a hare, You saw The freedom And the rightness Of an animal’s stride.

But then the daily Anguish Grips you again. Here Is no clemency. No clemency In humankind.

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Today's Flickr photo with the most hits shows the collapsed gas chamber of Crematorium III at Birkenau, which the Nazis deliberately sought to destroy as they retreated from the Soviets.

I add the other photos to help with interpretation.

The 2nd photo shows a rough schematic of how the buildings were used. Only the crematorium itself was at ground level. A stairway led to an underground undressing room. At the far end of that room, at right angles to it, was the gas chamber itself - fitted out as a 'shower room'. It had vents at ground level to allow the introduction of Zyklon B crystals. The concrete roof was supported by a single row of concrete columns, which are evident in the first photo. The bodies of those murdered were removed from the gas chamber by the sonderkommando and reached the furnaces at ground level via a primitive elevator.

The 3rd photo is from the Imperial War Museum exhibit on the Holocaust, and is of a model of the site at Birkenau. Crematoria II and III were mirror images of one another.

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The last night in the Kanada kommando in Auschwitz, January 18, 1945

Batsheva Dagan, from Łódź, writes of her experiences that night (excerpt)

Attention, comes the order — burn all the suitcases! burn every name, every trace! erase what happened here! Prague, Bratislava,

Paris, Berlin, Brussels, Ostrava, cities and towns addresses, addresses, first and last names burn them! check that nothing remains, no witness to the people whose voices fell silent here.

However, the sudden evacuation order interrupts the work, and the women are forced into columns and leave the camp in a death march, before riding in open train cars to Ravensbrück.

Form ranks! The end is near! Stop burning the suitcases now! In the distance, rifle shots, the dull thud of cannon. Echoes of the anticipated soothing noise — like the singing of the soul, a song of consolation... the effacing of the evidence did not succeed.

At the end of the poem, she formulates an appeal to the future:

Yet today, years later, the mute witnesses remain — suitcases and chests with names and addresses — not all of them. Those that remain are preserved in a museum in glass display cases. A warning to the future. A shout that could not be stifled.

More information about poetry describing Batsheva's Auschwitz experiences can be obtained here:

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Today’s Flickr photo with the most hits; a sombre one. 

This is the (extant) latrine block in Birkenau. 

There was no privacy, very little water for washing and little or no opportunity for personal cleanliness in Auschwitz-Birkenau. Prisoners were routinely afflicted with typhus and other diarrhoea-producing illnesses. 

The latrines in this barrack serviced seventeen barracks in B IIa, quarantine; approximately seven thousand prisoners.

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Notes on a visit to Auschwitz, January 2006

One of mine: excerpt from a Myspace post from January 10th, 2006

“... The second day was our scheduled trip to Oswiecim (meaning blessed) and Brzezinka (silver birch), more commonly referred to as Auschwitz and Birkenau. We travelled there by taxi in the company of a voluble and friendly driver called Casimir. A mine of information, he was eager to help yet careful to allow us to shape the day as we wished and to be with our thoughts and feelings.

I don’t propose to write a detailed account of the day at the camps: I may produce a presentation at a later date. I can say that no amount of reading and study, or exposure to the images with which we are perhaps over-familiar, can prepare one for the experience of standing on that ground. The two camps are a couple of kilometres apart: most visitors focus on Auschwitz I since this is where most of the relics and artefacts are displayed. Birkenau, sometimes referred to as Auschwitz II, is the death factory where approximately 1,500,000 people were exterminated and burned.

What I recall now is the silence of the place, as if human bestiality banished the birds. The only sound was the cotton wool scrunch of snow under foot as we plodded through this charnel house. There were one or two damascene horrors that brought me up sharply, all preparations notwithstanding. An example from each camp might suffice:

At Auschwitz I, climbing a stairwell in one of the barrack houses, I was aware of the intense smell of mothballs. At the top of the stair was a large room, with filtered light from windows creating a startling effect. As I stepped into the room, I naturally looked left. There was a glass case running the length of the wall. Behind the glass was a pile of human hair. I say pile but that’s inadequate; there was two metric tons of hair – grey, auburn, brown and blonde tresses. The enormity of it, its incongruity, made it look like an abstract art installation. It was difficult to process what I was seeing because I had no yardstick to measure it by. A howl of anguish is difficult to spell.

Another of those moments that overturn expectations occurred when first set eyes on the iconic gatehouse at Birkenau, seen countless times in grainy monochrome photographs as an ominous black building on the horizon. The long, low building with its squat central tower sat in a desolate field of snow, its maw gaping openly for the next transport. In my mind’s eye that building was a terrible shorthand for desolation and extremity. When I saw it, the swirling black giddiness was real enough but, of course, the building is not black; it is that ochre, sulphur, russet and blue-grey colour we euphemistically call red brick. For the first time a nightmare was in colour.

The camp itself is vast. On the left-hand side, the women’s camp – low brick-built block houses in rows. To the right, a limitlessly gaunt clearing with only the brick chimneys of the burned wooden barracks crying to heaven for vengeance. They stretched on and on… On the horizon ahead lay the dynamited ruins of the gas chambers and crematoria.

A sombre day.

That evening, we were in need of some cultural uplift. We went to a concert of baroque chamber music in one of the city’s churches. It was then that the tears started: layer upon layer of experience – from the day just ending and from days long past and widely scattered, welled up and found expression in salty tears. Vivaldi and Corelli, an exuberantly baroque church, and a day spent sifting a charnel house…”

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Today’s Flickr Photo with the most hits - a black and white photo of the selection ramp at Birkenau. The photo is undated. The tall officer is Dr Josef Mengele. The photo is placed on an information board, close to the selection ramp.

I took both photos on a recent visit. 

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