In the current man-made "sixth mass extinction" what animals are suffering the worst and what animals, if any, are benefiting? I ask because I'm working on a piece of speculative evolution fiction that is set on Earth in the future.
The sixth extinction has very interesting patterns in which species are being hit the worst. Most groups of animals are being hit, but demographics that are particularly being negatively affected include: large charismatic megafauna; corals; rainforest animals; polar animals; amphibians; large fish. And anything that has a limited range, is very specialized, or is currently considered endangered is at a high risk of going extinct - I wouldn't bet on any of them.
But some animals are certainly holding steady, even benefiting from human activity. Pretty much any animal that follows humans or can adapt to live alongside them is doing well Urban wildlife, things we consider pests, feral animals, and pretty much any invasive species has a very good shot of making it through alright. And if it's considered Least Concern right now, it has at least a decent chance; I'd consider them fair to work with. I'm not talking about just "ultimate survivors" like rats - some of the winners may not be immediately intuitive.
So for a bunch of examples of things that I'd say have a good shot of surviving:
- Feral animals. Dogs, cats, horses, goats, camels, chickens, pigeons, etc. Honestly anything we've domesticated will probably establish a feral population somewhere, or we might release them into the wild - I'd say almost all domesticated animals will probably make it through.
- "Trash animals" like raccoons, opossums, pigeons, gulls, and Australian ibises
- Small urban wildlife: squirrels, sparrows, finches, foxes, starlings, doves etc.
- Larger mammals that are getting along include coyotes, macaques, deer, wild boar, nilgai, and red kangaroos
- Other birds that are doing well include: crows and ravens, waterfowl surprisingly, pheasants, blackbirds, common mynas, emus, black vultures, gannets, caracaras, even a few parrot species. Large populations and ability to live near or in human settlements are key here
- Invasive reptiles and amphibians: cane toads, house geckos, American bullfrogs, red-eared sliders, etc. Small non-invasive herps that don't face major pressures, e.g. western fence lizards, are also doing well
- I have faith that at least the American alligator will make it
- Among fish, things like carp, catfish, tilapia, bass, and trout can survive pretty much everywhere and are impossible to kill. Oceanic fish are harder to tell, but I might use Seafood Watch as a guide: if it's Certified or Best Choice, that means populations are stable and not likely to be overfished
- Jellyfish populations are on the rise right now
- Even some species of starfish, sea urchins, crabs, crayfish, squid - even a handful of corals like the orange cup coral - are thriving right now. But it's case-by-case
This isn't an exhaustive list, but things like this. A few species that are doing well that I might suggest taking advantage of in spec include nine-banded armadillos, red-winged blackbirds, walking catfish, cane toads, tilapia, lancetfish, and monk parakeets. Indeed, some of these species I'm working into my own future spec evo project, On Beyond Holocene.