Hesiod, Works and Days 274-285
O Perses, cast these words into your mind,
And heed the call of Justice, but forget
About the use of violence altogether.
For this is the law that Cronus’ son imposed
Upon mankind; but fish, and wild beasts,
And winged birds, he bade eat one another,
Since Justice is a thing unknown among them.
But to human beings he gave Justice,
Which is the best by far. For one who’s willing
To know what’s just and speak it out in counsel –
To that man Zeus, who thunders far, gives riches.
But one who, in his testimony, lies,
Who violates the oath he swore – at once
He gives a wound to Justice and is wounded
Incurably himself – his lineage
Is left thereafter more obscure than formerly.
As for the man who keeps his oath, his line
In time to come is greater than before.
Ὦ Πέρση, σὺ δὲ ταῦτα μετὰ φρεσὶ βάλλεο σῇσι
καί νυ δίκης ἐπάκουε, βίης δ’ ἐπιλήθεο πάμπαν.
τόνδε γὰρ ἀνθρώποισι νόμον διέταξε Κρονίων,
ἰχθύσι μὲν καὶ θηρσὶ καὶ οἰωνοῖς πετεηνοῖς
ἔσθειν ἀλλήλους, ἐπεὶ οὐ δίκη ἐστὶ μετ’ αὐτοῖς·
ἀνθρώποισι δ’ ἔδωκε δίκην, ἣ πολλὸν ἀρίστη
γίνεται· εἰ γάρ τίς κ’ ἐθέλῃ τὰ δίκαι’ ἀγορεῦσαι
γινώσκων, τῷ μέν τ’ ὄλβον διδοῖ εὐρύοπα Ζεύς·
ὃς δέ κε μαρτυρίῃσιν ἑκὼν ἐπίορκον ὀμόσσας
ψεύσεται, ἐν δὲ δίκην βλάψας νήκεστον ἀασθῇ,
τοῦ δέ τ’ ἀμαυροτέρη γενεὴ μετόπισθε λέλειπται·
ἀνδρὸς δ’ εὐόρκου γενεὴ μετόπισθεν ἀμείνων.
