Vila Wolf's Dyslexic Folklorist Ranting

Ratification par le souverain pontife du Concordat de Bologne conclu entre le Saint-Siège et François Ier le 18 août 1516.

@credits

The Concordat of Bologna (1516), marking a stage in the evolution of the Gallican Church, was an agreement between King Francis I of France and Pope Leo X that Francis negotiated in the wake of his victory at Marignano in September 1515. The groundwork was laid in a series of personal meetings of king and pope in Bologna, 11-15 December 1515.

The Concordat stated that the Pope could collect all the income that the Catholic Church made in France, while the King of France was confirmed in his right to tithe the clerics and to restrict their right of appeal to Rome. The Concordat confirmed the King of France’s right to nominate appointments to benefices—archbishops, bishops, abbots and priors— enabling the Crown, by controlling its personnel, to decide who was to lead the Church in France.

Though the Concordat of Bologna left many problems unsolved, it provided the ground-rules for the limited Reformation in France: the sons of Francis and Catherine de’ Medici saw no advantage to the Crown in any gestures towards Reformation in France. The king of France had enormous powers to direct the Church’s wealth and provide sinecures in the offices of bishops and abbots in commendam, for his faithful followers among the powerful aristocracy. The Concordat ended any vestige of the elective principle, in which the monks or cathedral canons chose the abbot or bishop: there were some protests from these disenfranchised communities, whose approval of candidates had for some time devolved into a mere pro forma. It allowed the King to maintain control of the Church as well as the State. For many years to come, the Kings of France would struggle to keep the Catholic Church in power, as it was filled with supporters of their policies. This would lead to persecution of non-Catholics under Francis I, Henry II, Francis II, and Charles IX.

The United States has a numbered series of treaties with other nations, but also aseries of treaties with many different Native American tribes which are called Ratified Indian Treaties. This detail image shows signatures on two folios from RG 11, Ratified Indian Treaty 89, signed in July 1817 and ratified five months later. It bears the signatures of then President James Monroe and future Presidents John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson. Adams wrote much of the text on the last page. The Great Seal is embossed on the die cut paper which covers a red wafer seal. The treaty recently received extensive conservation treatment in the Archives I laboratory.

Abolition par Léon X de la pragmatique sanction de Bourges, 19 décembre 1516

@credits

The Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges, issued by King Charles VII of France, on July 7, 1438, required a General Church Council, with authority superior to that of the pope, to be held every ten years, required election rather than appointment to ecclesiastical offices, prohibited the pope from bestowing, and profiting from, benefices, and limited appeals to Rome. The king accepted many of the decrees of the Council of Basel without endorsing its efforts to coerce Pope Eugene IV.

The Gallican church  declared administrative independence from the church in Rome, suppressed the payment of annates to Rome, and forbade papal intervention in the appointment of French prelates.

The popes, especially Pius II lobbied for the repeal of the Pragmatic Sanction; and the French crown used promises of repeal as an inducement to the papacy to embrace policies favoring its interests. The Pragmatic Sanction eventually was superseded by agreements made between the French crown and Rome, especially the 1516 Concordat of Bologna.

Commémoration du traité d’Aix la Chapelle, plafond de la Galerie des Glaces, Château de Versailles

@credits

The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle or Treaty of Aachen was signed on 2 May 1668 in Aachen. It ended the war of Devolution between France and Spain. It was mediated by the Triple Alliance of England, the Dutch Republic and Sweden at the first Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle. France gained Lille and other territories in Flanders in the Spanish Netherlands from Spain, but returned the Franche-Comté.

Ratification du traité de Paris par Raymond VII, comte de Toulouse, qui abandonne au roi de France les sénéchaussées de Beaucaire et Carcassonne, et s’engage à marier sa fille unique et héritière Jeanne à l’un des frères de Louis IX. Le comté de Toulouse ira aux enfants de ce mariage, et à défaut d’enfants, reviendra à la couronne. Acte en latin donné le 12 avril 1229, scellé d’un sceau de cire verte appendu sur lacs de soie verts.

@credits

The Treaty of Paris, also known as Treaty of Meaux, was signed on April 12, 1229 between Raymond VII of Toulouse and Louis IX of France in Meaux near Paris. Louis was still a minor and it was his mother Blanche of Castile who had been responsible for the treaty. The agreement officially ended the Albigensian Crusade in which Raymond conceded defeat to Louis IX. Based on the terms of the treaty, Raymond’s daughter Joan was to be married to Louis’ brother Alfonso. Since Joan was Raymond’s heir, this meant she and Alfonso would become the rulers of Toulouse on his death. Moreover, Raymond ceded the eastern provinces of his lands to Louis and the Marquisat de Provence to the Pope.

Traité de Saint Germain en Laye, 1632

@credits

The Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye was signed on March 29, 1632. It returned New France (Quebec, Acadia and Cape Breton Island) to French control after the English had seized it in 1629. It also provided France with compensation for goods seized during the capture of New France.