someday i will write and post my 10,000 page thesis essay about how in miraculous the yin themed characters (characters who wear primarily dark colors over white undershirts) are thoughtful schemers who live mostly within their own heads (marinette, luka, felix, amelie) while the yang themed characters (white over dark undershirts) don't think so much as they DO and are straightforward and action-driven (adrien, kagami, emilie) but that would require having the attention span to do so
On the topic of Akane being a plot device, I get both sides to the argument. Some people feel that she is solely used to push the revenge plot along while others argue that all characters are devices for their stories so its not fair to critic Akane specifically for moving the story along.
I think how she was used to push the revenge plot was fine up until the break-up, because I felt like we got plenty of her POV and those moments of her finding out information built on her own characterization.
Akane finding out the Ai secret progressed her and Aqua's relationship by bringing them closer but also highlighting both characters' worst qualities. Akane was an enabler and said she would support Aqua even if he was a bad person. Many fans also know of Akasaka's tweet of "Akane Kurokawa is the one takes you there, while Kana Arima is the one who brings you back", which frames Akane as a negative influence to Aqua.
For the whole Hikaru reveal, I would mostly prefer if it she found out the truth over the span of a few chapters rather than like 1 chapter. I definitely don't blame Akane for not wanting to tell Aqua the truth. But where she did go wrong was claiming that she wanted to carry Aqua's burden together with him, while she herself lied to him and was going behind his back to handle Hikaru herself - making her seem like a hypocrite.
I know people felt that she was too plot-device-esque in the Main Stage arc, but I thought the insight we got into her character and her semi-toxic relationship with Aqua was good enough for her to justify how she was used. The only thing I would complain about is that I wish it was a bit harder for her to figure out everything regarding Hikaru and to have it make more sense on how Aqua realized Akane was going after Hikaru (like have a note that falls out of the bouquet or something??)
I don't feel like we've gotten much insight into her character since then, which is why I feel the plot device claims have more weight to them post-Aquakane break-up than pre-Aquakane break-up, since Akane pulling 900 IQ moves wasn't SOLELY done to move the revenge plot along back then. However, I think just saying "Akane's a plot device" and ending the conversation there comes across as bad faith, so here's some random ideas I thought of on how she could've been used better.
Nino/Ai vs. Kana/Akane
A few people noticed that these 2 relationships parallel one another. Akane and Nino both admire and hold a bit of resentment towards their idols. Considering that Akane is the one to reach out to Nino and sympathize for her, I feel like we could've explored these parallels more in the movie arc. I know Nino/Ai already parallels Kana/Ruby, but we can do parallels with more than 1 dynamic.
Plus Nino going "Of course, Ryousuke would've fallen for Ai" and forgiving him...I couldn't help but think of this part.
Akane & Ruby
Both are pretty similar with how they have an unhealthy obsession towards Aqua/Gorou. It would have been nice if both of them confided in one another again, similar to what happened in the Private arc, which would ultimately help them understand the true nature of their feelings and move on from Aqua. We do get the conclusion of Akane - realizing that her feelings are more motherly to Aqua - but I would've liked more focus on how she came to that conclusion, even if the hints were there beforehand.
Akane and Ai
I'll admit that I was one of those people who didn't think Akane was ever imitating Ai. I mostly thought that if the story was going in that direction, then we would get actual focus on how that affected Akane. If she's imitating someone else, what does that say about her self-image? Is it because her experience on LoveNow was so traumatizing that she feels afraid in letting it go?
Although I still stand by the fact that when she competed with Kana on-stage in Tokyo Blade, those were her own stars based on how the scenario is laid-out, as opposed to when she wakes up as Sayahime. It's a bit hard to tell if her eyes having the double-stars in Main Stay is because those are her own stars or if she's suppose to be imitating Ai. I really wish we got more focus on this plotline because it sounds like it could've been really interesting. Instead, we get a few minor hints before the movie arc, and then the conclusion is suddenly given to us.
I don't know if you ever said it before, but do you think Gabriel was a good villain?
mmm i guess the answer is yes because i think he's a good character? and the things that make him a "bad" villain are intentional flaws and weaknesses that make him more human. he's arrogant, short-sighted, and all his wins are attributed to outside help from nathalie, tomoe, or even felix !!! but he's not really meant to be seen as a schemer, as the way he exerts power over people is through his status. as he claims in pretention and as felix highlights in his play, the empire he's built and the resources he has access to make him the most intimidating, it's about "gabriel agreste" as a symbol of influence, who can control people in more ways than one.
he shines the most in S5 as he fully loses it and his dehumanization of adrien reaches ridiculously cruel extremes with the alliance rings, which are one of my personal favorite visual metaphors in the show altogether. it's sort of what i'm getting at, that you can see gabriel increasingly more corrupt with every passing season, and with that he also loses all the plausible deniability he was operating with from the start. the agreste story arc of S1-S5 is ultimately about questioning the consequences of our choices and the power we each hold as individuals, and gabriel is a physical manifestation of our worst possible selves. he's unapologetically selfish from his first to last appearance and even when he seems to come to recognize the results of his insanity, he cowardly leaves marinette to clean up his mess & deal with the aftermath.
while nathalie snapped out of it earlier than him & tried making amends for her actions by doing the bare minimum for adrien with the time she had left, and as felix ended up trading his cynicism for a positive outlook through the power of love, gabriel remained stubborn in his ways and his goal changed from the noble-sounding promise to reunite his family to, like, sticking it to those morally righteous brats as he grew mad with power. like akumas are people possessed by their negative emotions, gabriel is consumed by his regrets without even realizing it, and he's a cautionary tale for marinette to remember so that she doesn't end up like him. felix got to find out for himself pretty quickly how it felt becoming the monster that he thought his father was, that gabriel agreste was, and he immediately changed his path. but for marinette, whose life mirrors gabriel's own, the stakes are much higher and she's yet to come to terms with whether the choices she made in the S5 finale & london special were morally reprehensible after all. even with his physical disappearance, gabriel's control of the media, the people, and his son, have all been passed down to marinette and he still lives on through her. she could arbitrarily sympathize with felix's motivations as they both fought for adrien's sake and eventually their own romantic interests, but this time she's in a situation that would greatly affect and endanger her own life, and that's where the question initially posed to gabriel comes back to her - how far is she willing to go to keep things as they are, and how long will it be before she's also consumed by regrets?
the marinette/felix/gabriel spectrum really fascinates me because these characters have a ton of flaws in common as well as a similar way of thinking, and the distinction only lies in how instilled those mindsets are, and how easy or hard it would be to change them. marinette is always second-guessing, always unsure of herself; felix knows who he is, he has causes he vehemently advocates for but he's willing to make the occasional sacrifice or two if they'll benefit him in the long run, and he'll learn from past mistakes when things blow up in his face - and as for gabriel? he never makes any compromises, never reflects on himself, not once does he try and make an attempt until it's too late to change things.
and the way all of this ties with the show's message definitely makes him an incredible villain to me. thematically, he archieved his purpose in miraculous' first story arc and was an amazing nemesis to the main character. my only real complaints are only about how much more could've been done with these parallels while he was still active as the primary antagonist, or how we were only told about gabriel's past in the last minute, even if it was purposefully hidden. however i'm really excited for lila to succeed him as the theme of lies will surely be the most prominent in the second story arc, and i hope i'm correct in assuming that'll mean gabriel replacing emilie as the entity the narrative revolves around.
The London special did so much for Marinette’s character and I think a lot of people are just ignoring it due to them being disapproving of her decision to lie to Adrien.
But like that’s the point.
I don’t think there’s a single moment in the special that frames Marinette’s decision as a good thing, instead it is presented as a choice that Marinette isn’t confident in but ultimately makes due to a fear of the consequences of the alternative option.
When asked, Bunnix, who knows the full outcome of this decision, doesn’t tell Marinette whether what she did was the right thing to do, only that the important part is how she “owns up” to her decision and how she acts from here.
While Nathalie and Kagami, the only other characters we see react to her plan, actively disagree with Marinette’s choice but follow it regardless because it is Ladybug’s choice to make.
Only she has the position to make this choice.
It is a burden she chooses to put upon herself because more than anything she wants to protect Adrien. Because Marinette, at 14 years old thrust into an incredibly complex emotional situation, does not know what the right decision is and can only hope she makes the right choice. So she follows her heart and sacrifices her mental state in an attempt to save Adrien’s in anyway she can.
And It breaks her… You can see it in her eyes and hear it in her voice. It’s haunting. She hates this decision more than anyone else possibly could, she can hardly bring herself to tell Adrien her lie and yet she still does. It adds so much depth and weight to her character and her actions. It makes her interesting.
So in regards to Ruby randomly becoming the new center of B-Komachi offscreen (😭? ), do you think it would've been better for her to become the new center between mainstay & scandal, so that it adds more weight to Kana's feelings during Scandal and her outburst during her fight with Ruby? Or would it be better to leave Kana as the center during those moments (and leave her as center until she graduates) so that it adds more to Kana's frustration that despite being the center, she's the least popular? I assumed for the longest time that Ruby would become center after Kana leaves B-Komachi, to signify her growth as an idol. As of now, its weird that Ruby found out that Kana was resentful of the current B-Komachi situation, and then just...doubled down on it lol
YEAH LOL… A big issue I have with the B-Komachi stuff currently is how much time the main story & Viewpoint B + 45510 spends on communicating just how shitty the environment of gen 1 B-Komachi was for everyone while also being careful to get across that it wasn't the fault of anyone actually in the group, but the management and the generally miserable place the entertainment industry is for everyone but especially the young girls in it. It's bizarre, then, to see the story basically repeating all these same mistakes with gen 2 but never drawing attention to them… but I've ranted enough about how I dislike the way Ruby's idolhood is being handled lately that I'll hold my tongue for now.
So IMO, I actually think Ruby officially becoming the B-Komachi center and having it happen earlier in the story would have really strengthened and given better foundation to both Kana's insecurities and the blowup that happens between her and Ruby as a result. Kana feeling down about not being popular despite being the center is a good idea, but it's one of those things the story kind of talks about w/o really doing anything interesting with it. It spurs Kana to take action, yes, but it's largely an issue that just sort of takes place in the margins between panels and we don't get to engage with it much as readers. But I think if Ruby's popularity (resulting from her BH era) leading her to take the center from Kana would both emphasize Ruby's callousness towards the other two members of the group and make the reader really understand why Kana feels so helpless and at a loose end in B-Komachi. Not only is she unpopular but now the one thing she actually meaningfully contributes - acting as center - has been taken from her. Kana is a character defined largely by how desperate she is to be of use to other people, so I think that would make the spiral she goes into that leads into Scandal feel a lot more weighty.
It would also make the RBKN-AiNino parallels the Movie Arc tries to force feel a lot more grounded. By having Ruby usurp the center position from Kana just as Ai did from Nino, we would have an actual sense of these dynamics fully replicating themselves in this new generation of the group. It'd feel more organically woven into the story and thus it wouldn't feel quite as much of a plot cul de sac as it does in the main story.
Hoping that the anime does have Ruby take the center position between Main Stay and Scandal now 🙏
At the Edge of Time Scene analysis : Tilting with the Balance
Loving the tilting camera on every shot facing Adrien after he hears the news. It starts when Adrien loses his footing and fell on his bed.
Please bare with this essay format, I only have screenshots at my disposal, but to tell you the truth, this whole scene should have been a video essay. It would be easier to do justice to work put behind, the storyboard, the camera work and the animation.
Anyway, spoilers ahead.
Kana, sweetheart, if only you knew. Just after she boasts she knew him the longest too. Come to think of it, that industry advice in general is mess up to say to kid actors even if they didn't lose a parent.
Akane, you would be a great detective, but if you gotta cheer him up, why can't you act as yourself instead of switching into Ai mode? Acting like his mom will only hurt the both of you in the long run.
And Aqua, hearing you say that your sister got over it just means you aren't the only actor in the family...
The stars in Akane's eyes don't 100% mean she's acting like Ai. She got them for the role, sure, but as we know, Ruby and Aqua also have one in their eyes. The star implies their talent, not the characteristics of Ai. For Akane, her talent is basically being highly deductive and piecing everything together, something that helps her understand her acting roles. We even saw it when she was trying to get into the character of Princess Saya. Thanks to the anime, it is now even more emphasized that, when she was talking to Aqua, she didn't change her voice tone to Ai's cheerful or joking tone, but kept her soft and shy style, implying that she was still herself. But with a lot of new information about Aqua and his situation.
I can understand that "star eye" symbolizes high talent to be literally a star in the entertainment industry, but my comprehension is that the "star eye" also means a high connection with Ai. Either by blood (her kids), emotionally (their trauma) or spiritually (Akane).
In Akane's case, they started appear after adamantly studying Ai through and through. So while she never met her, she can enter in her persona. On stage, I have no problem believing she is acting and driving people's attention, but when it comes to Aqua, we know Akane loves Aqua and knows that Aqua likes girls like Ai.
So, I am sorry, but I cannot help but shake that feeling that whenever the star appear on her eyes for Akane (because they come as they go), it means she is adapting by taking inspiration of Ai's aura and pouring it into her persona.
Sure, she better understood the connection between Ai and Aqua and Ruby during the episode, but I cannot shake that feeling that as soon as she heard Ai's name, she felt a bit envious. The spiral of her pupil both feels like instability compared that if the direction went and draw the pupil opaque and well-rounded for that shot as she is trying to figure out what is going on. she is also wrapped up in mix-feelings : she wants to help and better understand Aqua and at the same time she is envious of his "obsession" with Ai.
I may need to pay better attention to the acting because I have rewatched S1 episodes since they aired, but yeah, on first watch, this was how it felt to me.
Oshi no Ko 150: Mistranslation or Miscommunication?
Something I was surprised to see in the aftermath of OnK 150 were accusations from the English fanbase that the chapter had been mistranslated or that the content of it had been misrepresented somehow. I fully admit that I was extremely skeptical of this assertion when I first saw it crop up given but MangaPlus's translations do have an unfortunate habit of flubbing minor details in places that do lead to pretty major cascading errors with the English script. It's possible it could have happened, especially in a chapter operating on dream logic as this one does, so I decided to take a look at the JP text myself and see if this was the case. And what I took away was… no, the English translation is more or less fine. A bit stiff but nothing has been lost or changed from the original text. But since there seems to be a lot of misinfo on this topic going around and I have nothing better to do on a Friday morning I guess, I thought I'd do my best to clear some of it up.
First of all: credentials, I guess? I'm the translator of 45510 and Viewpoint B and I was also part of the team working on Spica, The First Star where I contributed translation efforts as well. Basically I just want to assure folks that I'm not pulling this stuff out of my ass lol
Also apologies that some of these caps from the manga are fucking shmeared with Vaseline, tracking down the JP raws in decent quality was a fucking nightmare this time around for some reason. Anyway!
Black Eyes
The first major point of confusion seems to surround a line from Gorou at the start of page seven, while warning Aqua off from 'Sarina'.
「俺の目が黒い内はさりなちゃんに手ぇ出させねえ からな?」
In initial TLs, this line was translated literally and rendered as "You're not allowed to touch Sarina while your eyes are black!" which immediately caused a flurry of speculation among fans that this was a lore drop, meant to indicate that Aqua was 'not allowed' to be in a relationship with Ruby so long as he had his black hoshigans on - and thus, pursuing a relationship with her would restore them to white. When this line was rendered as "I won't let you make a move on Sarina-chan for as long as I live!" in the official TL, a lot of people assumed this was a mistake or an active omission on the part of MangaPlus. I regret to inform everyone that there was a mistranslation here… but uh, it wasn't MangaPlus!
First of all, Gorou is referring to his own eyes, not Aqua's - and furthermore, he's actually using a euphemistic idiom in the vein of 'over my dead body' or 'when hell freezes over'. There is a bit of missing subtext here in that Gorou is specifically expressing a sort of paternalistic expression and the obvious visual pun of Aqua's black hoshigans but MangaPlus's line gets at what Gorou is actually saying here. So no, unless Akasaka is playing a Ryukishi07 Umineko tier wordplay foreshadowing trick on us, I think we can take this at face value as just a brief gag.
'Good Enough'?
Another point of contention from this same page is a seemingly minor note of potential ambiguity with regards to Aqua's feelings for Ruby. When discussing their relationship at Gorou's prompting, Aqua states that Ruby is 'his precious little sister' with the following phrasing:
「世界でたった一人の大切な妹。それだけで良い。」
MangaPlus renders the 「それだけで良い。」 part of this line as "That's all that matters". Pretty much since the moment this chapter dropped, I've seen people insist that this is a mistranslation and that initial pre-official TLs of "That's good enough for me" are more accurate - that there is some sense of 'settling' or resignation on Aqua's part, that he does want to be with Ruby but he'll settle for being her brother and that the official TL erases this nuance.
My take on this is… eh. That's kind of a stretch.
Obviously, context is everything but if that sense of 'settling for good enough' is what Akasaka was wanting to convey, 「それだけで良い。」 feels off to me - I would say that 「それで十分だ。」 would be a much more natural choice of words and in fact, we already have at least once instance of this phrasing being used in OnK to express a similar sentiment and being rendered similarly in official TLs as "That by itself is enough."
When it comes to 「それだけで良い。」, "that's good enough" is a perfectly fine TL for it… but so is "that's all that matters", honestly! Depending on context, anything from "That's all there is to it", "That's plenty by itself", "That's all I want" or even "Just that is enough" are all perfectly fine ways to render this idea in English and I don't think the official TL is missing any nuance not suggested by the art. If I can be frank, this attachment to the 'good enough' phrasing in the English seems to come from this being the wording that was initially used by leakers and that it is just slightly more favorable to Ruby in terms of potential to be an endgame heroine.
The Japanese text is just as favorable or unfavorable to Ruby as the official TL is and any ambiguities in that regard exist in both versions of the text. Do with that as you will.
Tensing Up
This is moreso something I've see on Twitter as opposed to the sub but I thought it was worth addressing: when discussing Aqua's supposed feelings for Kana, Gorou phrases it as such:
「星野アクアとして、思春期らしい年相応の恋愛感情を抱えていた。」
MangaPlus translates this as "As Aqua Hoshino, you have romantic feelings that are appropriate to your age as an adolescent." This is pretty much exactly as he phrases things in Japanese (i.e, he specifically says 恋愛感情 renai kanjou, romantic feelings not just vaguely defined 'love'), but the point of contention sees to be whether this is still the case and that Gorou was specifically talking in the past tense about something that is no longer the case.
This is actually the opposite of what Gorou is saying here: in the part of the sentence that refers to Aqua having these feelings, Gorou uses the phrasing of 抱えていた, which indicates that this state or action is present tense and ongoing.
If I can speculate, this insistence on past tense phrasing seems to come from the fact that feeding Gorou's original line into MTLs such as Google Translate or DeepL returns this past tense phrasing… oops lol.
Bits and Bobs
Just some smaller bits of confusion I've seen floating around that didn't really warrant their own sections…
There seems to be this weird misinfo scrap going around that Aqua switches to referring to himself as 「僕」 (boku) as his first person pronoun after waking from his dream as opposed to 「俺」 (ore), which is what he'd been using in his dream and what Gorou had been using too - thus implying that 「僕」 (boku) is Aqua's 'true self' with no Gorou influence. This… uh, is flatly not the case! Putting aside that Aqua doesn't say anything at all after waking up, (I FUCKED UP, YES HE DOES SAY SOMETHING AND DOES SWITCH TO BOKU, I'M SORRYYYYYYYY) codeswitching between 'boku' and 'ore' as a first person pronoun is not super uncommon and is more to do with context and politeness than anything else - 'boku' is more polite and more appropriate for formal environments whereas 'ore' is always informal. You might switch back and forth between the two depending on who you're talking to - busting out an 'ore' at work would be like going "hey boss, ya boy just finished those financial reports, bitch" so…!
In addition, Aqua has used 'boku' before when distinguishing between "the reincarnator" and "the identity of Aqua Hoshino", so until we see the next chapter and get more Aqua dialogue, I don't know to what degree (if any!) it indicates about pronoun usage differentiating between Gorou and Aqua.
The other bit of discussion I've seen as pertains to the translation is whether Kana's line in the final page - translated by MangaPlus as 'I'm seriously in love' - was a reference to LoveNow's title or if she used the word 'gachikoi' there in Japanese as Ruby does in 143. The answer to both of those is a resounding 'nope'. Kana's line in that final page is 「私は本気の恋をしている。」, while LoveNow's Japanese title is 「今からガチ恋始めます」. Specifically, Kana describes her feelings as 本気の恋 (honki no koi), i.e, seriously, earnestly, truly in love, whereas both LoveNow and Ruby use the term ガチ恋 (gachikoi), a slang term referring to a fan who considers themselves to be legitimately in romantic love with a celebrity/idol/etc. Gachikoi is also how the first generation of B-Komachi are described in both Viewpoint B and 45510 in the original Japanese text.
Shakers of Salt
This is pretty much everything I saw floating around and I am not personally super interested in litigating every line of text in this chapter, BUT - if there's anything you feel was confusing about this chapter's TL in particular or anything that felt off or crunchy, I'd be happy to clarify stuff in the comments!
Ultimately my motivation here was to sooth the itch triggered by seeing my pet peeve pop up, which is people spreading misinfo about the original language text of a work lol. As I said up top, I was immediately skeptical once claims like this started popping up because "actually, this was mistranslated and the original Japanese text just so happens to word for word support my argument actually" is a song and dance I've done a whole lot of times before. I did my time in the Persona fandom, I'm not going back to this!!!
That being said: absolutely fact check me on this! If any of this smells stinky to you, get a second, third and fourth opinion from other parties, do your own research and come to your own conclusions. "People in fandoms will misrepresent the original language text of a work to support their agendas" is not something I am exempt from just because I have done my own translations and the last thing I want is to inadvertently perpetuate bullshit about a language or culture that is not mine. If you take anything from this, it's to do your own research and ultimately see where you come down on this sort of thing.
7th Time Loop Opening & Ending
Commentary by OP & ED Storyboard Artist/Director, Ryosuke Nakamura
Saw this interview in Japanese using google translator (link in the source of the post) and the director got into a lot of details of how he views the story and how he represented it in the OP and ED videos! I wanted to bring parts of it here:
OPENING
Nakamura: "The opening depicts the world from Rishe's perspective. Rishe is a person who brings happiness to the world, but at the same time, she is a person who sees the world with happiness."
"The opening image has the image of being immersed in a world of 'euphoria'. On the other hand, for the ending, I wanted an image of someone being alienated from this world of 'euphoria'."
Interviewer: "there were also some ominous cuts in which Rishe, wearing a nightgown, was walking towards the sea before dawn, as if she was trying to reach out to the horizon."
Nakamura: "The sea over there is in 3D, but it has a real and disturbing feel to it, which was really good. As I mentioned earlier, for Rishe, the horizon was the point in her life that she couldn't cross, the point where she looped. And I think Rishe's way of life is to try to reach out towards that, to try to surpass it someday. [...] In the main story, Rishe works really hard to achieve that goal. That's rare. I think that's why everyone wants to support her."
The interviews comments how we see a few shots of Rishe sleeping in the opening and the director says that's Rishe's goal, and for her, life is a loop away so it's okay to relax now, though she doesn't actually do that.
The interviewer mentions how in a previous interview, the author Touko Amekawa explained how Rishe operates under the idea of working hard/suffering now so she can have an easy and carefree time someday later.
I'm also including here some verses of the song (translation from animesonglyrics):
Sever the thread of destiny Hey, play more freely, boldly Rewrite even a second of the present
Don't cloud transparent impulses with someone's fate theory Pierce through beyond the period Because surely the future can be changed
and from the full version:
Carve the silhouette of hope Advance without doubting your own possibilities
From this morning called today, a new light begins Shining brightly before my eyes Another irreplaceable birthday
ENDING
"In the ending, it seemed like [Arnold's] injury was healing."
Nakamura: "That injury wasn't just physical, it was also emotional..."
"When I had a meeting with director Kazuya Iwata, he told me, 'The ending song has a different perspective than the opening song'.
The song was ordered with the opening scene from Rishe's perspective and the ending scene from Arnold's perspective...Well, actually, there was more to the story than that from the ending's point of view [but let's leave it at that]".
About the flower petals: "each petal is a memory of your life that is looped over and over again. Each memory has different emotions, which is why it has different colors. It's in Arnold's hands at the end of the opening, and it continues as a motif at the ending..."
"Arnold just lives in a dark, dark world, and beyond that, he doesn't understand his own feelings. That hasn't been depicted in the original work yet, and I think it will be depicted in the future, so I apologize if my expression deviates from that. Still, in terms of visual expression, I thought I should go one step further and depict Arnold's feelings as I could imagine them at this point."
This reminds me I've seen the author say something on twitter about how Arnold is slowly learning to express (or was it understand?) his feelings thanks to Rishe throughout the story!
"This is what led me to decide to have the ending be set in an 'what if' world, with the two children surrounded by other characters. [...] That's why the ending flashback is in the world Arnold desired in his heart. It's designed so that you can see that it's not a real landscape from the past. The aim of the production was to create an indescribable sense of loneliness in the audience's hearts when they realized this. For me, Arnold's mental landscape was something like that."
"Rishe and Arnold did not meet when they were children. Therefore, everything is a story of a fantasy world, and to go even further, it is an ideal world that would not have happened that way. "
"Although they met much later, in reality they have been sharing their lives closely for a much longer time."
Interviewer: "I think that what is depicted there is very happy, but when I actually watched the video, I felt that I could see a certain sadness in it."
Nakamura: "From Arnold's point of view, would it be a "feeling of loss"? A person who knows that he is far removed from happiness, which actually did not happen. That is my understanding of Arnold as a person. When this is expressed as a video, the scene is supposed to depict happiness, but for some reason it gives off a sense of loneliness. The aim of the production was to convey that flavor."
And here are some verses (translations by animesonglyrics and lyrical-nonsense):
One by one, each and every fragment Try to put them together The more we collide The clearer the shape becomes Just the two of us, under an unreliable umbrella Hiding together The more we lean on each other The more we understand the pain
The smile you showed me Is joyful, joyful, joyful, it won't disappear You're fine just the way you are It's okay not to understand I'll hold your hand countless times On the path you walk
And may I add: In episode 11, after Arnold asks Rishe not to do anything too crazy so he won't have to send her away, she responds that she'll do what she wants anyway and if she has to leave, she will just find another way to return to Galkhein and his life, so he doesn't have to worry.
ALSO, episode 12 second title is "I'll go with you again and again, the way you live."
Love Square Screen Time Records
Hey, everyone! As some of you may know, I've recently completed calculating the exact screen time for all the love square ships for all the episodes we have up until now, including the Miraculous World Specials. Now I've decided to list all the noteworthy moments in love square screen time based on the data I've collected.
We're going to start with doing some general overall records, then we're going to see the noteworthy moments of love square screen time for all the love square ships individually. so let's begin, shall we?
General Records
- First episode to include all of the love square ships: Cat Blanc
Of course it's "Cat Blanc' of all episodes to not only be the first episode to have screen time for all the love square ships, but also the only episode by far to have screen time for all the love square ships. It's already one of the greatest episodes of all time, so why not add some screen time for all the love square ships with it too?
We have the Adrienette dating montage, the battle between Ladybug and Cat Blanc, Adrien saving Marinette from akumatization as Cat Noir and revealing his identity along with it too, and finally Ladybug starting this mess by coming in to deliver her gift to Adrien, allowing him to catch her and piece together her identity.
2. First episode to include none of the love square ships: Representation
Closely followed by "Conformation" as the second. Who does this episode have to thank for to having this record? Gabriel, of course. Since Gabriel sent his his son to London specifically so that he can't spend time with his girlfriend anymore, this was the result. Adrien and Marinette weren't able to get together again until the end of "Re-Creation".
3. Love square ship with the most screen time in an episode: Adrienette in "Oblivio"
Not that surprising since a lot of the episode was spent in Adrien and Marinette running from the titular villain and re-learning who they are. It was only towards the end that they were able to figure out how to activate their powers again, thanks to Master Fu, giving Adrienette a total of 9 min 3 sec of screen time in this episode.
Adrienette Records
- Episode with the most Adrienette screen time: Oblivio
Since this episode already has the title for ship with most screen time in an episode, it will obviously also have the the title for episode with with the most Adrienette screen time. No need to repeat what I said earlier.
2. Season with most Adrienette screen time: season 5
No surprise here. We don't need to know the exact screen time to know that this season was full of Adrienette. First third of the season had a few patches of Adrienette here and there but from "Transmission" onwards we had a continuous stream of Adrienette content up until "Revolution" where Gabriel separated them by sending Adrien to London, after which the only got back together at the end of "Re-Creation".
Even though Adrienette didn't dominate this season like Ladynoir does every season, it still had over a third of the love square screen time and had 45 min 57 sec of screen time this season which a lot more than it usually has.
3. Season with least Adrienette screen time: season 4
Just like the other love square ships this season, Adrienette took a significant hit, having been reduced to having 12 min 38 sec of screen time as opposed to its usual half hour of screen time per season (roughly). It makes sense though considering that this season is more focused on the plot than past seasons have been and this is supposedly the season of Ladynoir.
4. Miraculous World Special with most Adrienette: New York Special
Makes sense for this to be the special with the most Adrienette as this special had the plotline of Marinette trying to be nothing more than a friend to Adrien, giving us a total of 7 min 40 sec of Adrienette in this 1-hour special, even surpassing Ladynoir in screen time.
5. First episode Adrienette surpasses Ladynoir in screen time: Gamer
Yes, this is an actual category since it's usually the norm for Ladynoir to have the most screen time in an episode. Not only was this the first episode where Adrienette surpasses Ladynoir in screen time, it's the first episode where any ship surpasses Ladynoir in screen time, and also the sole episode in season 1 where an episode surpasses Ladynoir in screen time. Adrien and Marinette being partners in the Mecha Strike tournament really did well to increase the Adrienette screen time.
Ladynoir Records
- Episode with most Ladynoir screen time: Mayura (Heroes' Day- part 2)
Kind of an interesting episode to have as the one with the most Ladynoir but OK. This part had the secondary heroes up until now put out of commission by scarlet akumatization in the first few minutes of the episode, leaving Ladynoir to fend for themselves, them against the world just as always.
2. Season with most Ladynoir screen time: season 1
Of course it's season 1 with the most Ladynoir screen time, with this being the show being at its most formulaic at this time, leading the focus to be more on the usual battle with the akumatized villains than with progressing the plot, gives us a total of 1 hr 53 min 26 sec of screen time that season which is nearly 2 hours.
3. Season with the least Ladynoir screen time: season 4
Ironically, the supposed Ladynoir season had the least Ladynoir screen time out of all the seasons. Despite it having the most screen time in terms of percentage, it still had the least screen time in terms of actual value, having a total of 59 min 24 sec of screen time this season, which isn't even an entire hour, although it's pretty close. But since this season focused more on the plot progression than any season we had before, it makes sense.
4. Miraculous World Special with most Ladynoir screen time: New York
Similar to Adrienette, Ladynoir also gets the most screen time it's ever gotten in the New York Special, and just like Adrienette it makes sense given that this special had a lot of focus on their relationship and how Cat Noir broke Ladybug's trust by coming to New York, giving us a total of 6 min 29 sec of screen time.
Maricat Records
- Episode with most Maricat screen time: Glaciator 2
Out of all the designated Maricat episodes, this was the one that got the most screen time for Maricat having a total of 8 min 14 sec of screen time. Makes sense, given that the whole episode was them practicing Marinette being able to confess her love to Adrien and going on a "date". "Elation" would be a worthy contender but as it turns out it didn't have nearly as much screen time as we thought though it was still a fair five and a half minutes.
2. Season with most Maricat screen time: Season 4
While season 4 had the least amount of screen time for Adrienette and Ladynoir, it had the most amount of screen time for Maricat, although it was only featured in 3 episodes of season 4 and most of the screen time was concentrated in "Sentibubbler" and "Glaciator 2". This gives it a total of 9 min 44 sec.
3. Season with least Maricat screen time: Season 2
Season 2 had Maricat take a huge hit due to which it became the ship with least screen time in a season for the first time. It only really got to shine a little bit in the designated Maricat episode of the season "Glaciator" and other than that had small moments in "Befana" and "Anansi", leaving it with 4 min 7 sec of screen time in the entire season.
4. First episode Maricat surpasses Ladynoir in screen time: Weredad
After 2 seasons of Ladynoir taking away their designated episode of the season, Maricat was finally able to surpass Ladynoir in screen time with 3 min 57 sec of screen time. Considering that the episode revolves around Marinette getting herself into the mess of Cat Noir thinking she has feelings for him and the awkward date between them set up by Tom and Ladynoir was only present at the beginning and towards the end of the episode, you can see why.
Ladrien Records
- Episode with most Ladrien screen time: Desparada
The episode where Ladybug entrusts Adrien with the Snake Miraculous gets the title of the episode with the most Ladrien screen time. It's obvious why since a good portion of the episode is Adrien as Aspik trying to woo Ladybug and failing terribly because he's focused more on that rather than defeating the titular villain.
2. Season with most Ladrien screen time: Season 2
After only having most of its screen time concentrated towards the end of the season aside from "The Bubbler" and "The Mime" in season 1, Ladrien was finally able to get its moment to shine in season 2 with there being several episodes focuses extensively on Ladrien, some even surpassing Ladynoir in screen time, giving it a total of 8 min 46 sec in the entire season which is the most it will ever get as from here on out it, its screen time decreases with ever season.
3. Season with least Ladrien screen time: season 5
Ladrien already usually gets the short end of the stick in Miraculous due to it's lack of a requirement for any development, so naturally, season 5 ends up being the season with the least Ladrien screen time, with us only getting Ladrien in "Passion" with detransformed Adrien holding a Venomed Ladybug and the small scene in "Deflagration" of Adrien handing Ladybug's Miraculous to her. Hopefully, future seasons will give us more Ladrien, but I doubt it.
4. First episode Ladrien surpasses Ladynoir in screen time: Riposte
Since season 2 was the first time Ladrien ever got to shine, it also contains the episode where Ladrien surpasses Ladynoir in screen time, that being the first Ladrien-focused episode of the season, "Riposte" involving the titular villain going after Adrien, hence Ladybug having to protect him and Adrien being unable to go off somewhere to transform.
Conclusion
Well, that's it for all the love square screen time records. Let me know what you think about them and feel free to find any other notable records in love square screen time history by checking my work here. Until next time!
Arima Kana has one type and it's the Hoshino twins.
She is going to end with one of them, I don't care which one, but she will one way or another.
Not, but seriously, I love how this episode is Kana AND THE HOSHINO TWINS. Not Kana and Aqua, Kana and Aqua & Ruby.
Let me explain:
First we have Aqua and Kana, which is one of my favorites relationships in this manga. I love how Aqua has always believed in her and in this scene that shows perfectly (one of my favorites scenes between them and in general btw).
Aqua is willing to disguise himself as a fricking chicken to be able to be there for Kana. Guide her. Reassure her. Tell her that she is doing greatly and he is a fan of her. He is not afraid to do "shameful" things if that means to be there for her friend.
And is beautiful, because Aqua says constantly that he doesn't care, but he does, a lot actually, and if a friend needs him he is going to be there no matter what.
Secondly we have Ruby and Kana, and I think their relationships is overshadowed by Aqua and Kana, but that doesn't make it less beautiful.
Despite Ruby mocking attitude with her, Ruby respects her a lot in her own way. She is the first to chastise Kana for saying she is "bad" or "not enough"
She believes in Kana, she always had, since chapter three she has done anything but to show how much she believes in Kana's abilities. And yet, she doesn't put her in a pedestal, Ruby doesn't care of she is famous, if she has failed or succeed, she doesn't expect her to be perfect.
No, the only thing she has asked about Kana is to give everything she has, and that's enough. If they fail, if the succeed, that doesn't matter, because they tried; and they are a team, that's not a weakness, but rather a strenght, the reassurance they will be together in the good, the bad and the horrible.
You can't tell me that isn't love. Romantic, platonic, call it what you want, but Kana and the Hoshino twins have such a sweet relationship of lifting themselves up when they fail and be there for the other always, no matter what.
I love this anime so much and this arc Is one of my favorites.
Sometimes I think about how Adrien, throughout the series, constantly grapples with his fear of abandonment. Gabriel conditioned him to believe that any love he receives is purely transactional, and that to earn affection he has to prove his utility. Adrien is constantly trying to prove his worth to his father for scraps of affection, and Chat Noir infamously crumbles on-screen any time he feels as though he is replaceable to Ladybug. It's a constant insecurity of his, like everyone will just dump him like a sack of potatoes the moment they find out how useless he is.
Meanwhile, all Marinette wants to is ensure that Adrien is happy. Because she loves him. She doesn't give two shits about how """useful""" he is. She holds him and tells him that she will never abandon him (both as Ladynoir and as Adrienette), and her fantasies are about saving him, not about him being "useful" to her. Throughout their relationship, Adrien is forced to disappoint Marinette constantly for reasons outside of his control (amok commands), and yet Marinette is still there for him.
At Adrien's lowest point, when he is forcibly torn away from everyone who had ever showed him genuine care, locked away in an all-white room and at his most "useless", right after disappointing Marinette and unable to even join the final battle or contribute in any way, she still saves him. She still loves him. Because he doesn't have to prove anything to her. Because he is loved and cherished for who he is, not for what he does, and that love is not conditional. Adrien's "happy ending" at the end of the first arc wasn't about him finally proving how useful he can be, because he never actually cared about being useful — he just saw it as the only means to feel loved and needed. Instead, in the end, he found out that he was loved and needed no matter what.
Ruby and Akane: Parallels
In chapter 77, Ruby reveals her dark secret to Akane, similar to how Aqua revealed his dark secret in chapter 52. In both situations, Akane enables their obsessions, thinking that she is doing them a favor when she shouldn't be encouraging them.
In Ruby's case, Akane is unaware that Gorou would be nearing his 50s if he was still alive, which makes me wonder how she would've reacted if she knew the truth.
In my opinion, she would've still encouraged Ruby. Akane's already cool with murdering for Aqua's sake so I don't think ethics is a high priority for her.
Unhealthy Obsessions ≠ Genuine Love
The way Ruby feels about Gorou is how Akane feels about Aqua, being obsessed to an unhealthy and obsessive degree to the person they think they might be in love with. Their unhealthy feelings are targeted towards the same soul but different incarnations. Akane's yandere tendencies flare up whenever the situation involves Aqua.
And while Ruby also wanted revenge for Ai's murder, the main trigger for her to fall into darkness was seeing Gorou's corpse.
Gorou/Aqua - Providing the Will to Live
When describing Gorou, Ruby focuses on how he gave her the will to live, saving her from having self-destructive/suicidal thoughts during her lowest moments.
This is further supported by how Ruby was having suicidal thoughts in chapters 115 & 121 but the realization that Gorou = Aqua had saved her.
How does Akane understand? Because she went through the same experience in LoveNow. When she was at her limit and about to kill herself, Aqua saved her and worked with the other LoveNow members to save her image.
Thanks to Aqua, she got the strength to return to LoveNow and move forward. That moment had a significant impact on her, similar to how Ruby describes Gorou's impact on her.
Returning to Original Location
Ruby and Akane return to the places where their relationships began, reaffirming their feelings. Its a callback but could be seen as them trying to hold onto those relationships when they should just let go.
Delusional Era
Both Akane and Ruby go through a period where they think they will get what they want. Aqua and Akane started dating but Aqua only loves Kana. Akane knows this but she's convinced that as Aqua continuous to lie to himself about loving her, those lies will become the truth - which they never did.
She also believed that the 2 of them had an equal relationship, and that she was saving Aqua - both immediately proven false in the subsequent chapter.
For Ruby, she thinks that now that she has reunited with Gorou, they will get married, not realizing that:
A) Gorou never promised marriage. He said he'd think about it which was letting Sarina down easy because she was a dying child at the time.
b) She no longer sees Aqua as just himself, but is projecting Gorou onto him considering she keeps emphasizing "Sensei" unlike Aqua with Sarina-Ruby.
c) Ruby in a stable and healthy mindset thinks incest is gross lol
Plus Ruby's sus manga panels being over-the-top hammers down the point that she is being really delusional right now.
Conclusion
In the end, the 2 girls are really similar to where I'm sure that Akane would've still encouraged Ruby to pursue Gorou even after knowing he was way too old for her because she can relate to Ruby's feelings, believing that he couldn't be bad for Ruby if she believes he is a good person.
Meanwhile Kana's reaction if Ruby confided in her instead:
And if Mem-Cho tried to argue about the age gap, Ruby would probably say that its basically the same as Mem-Cho hanging out with the rest of them - killing Mem-Cho in an instant:
It seems like Kana is pretty perceptive about the script of the 15 Years movie. Do you think she'll eventually deduce from the film that Aqua is seeing revenge on his father?
I've been unsure on this aspect, since most of her perceptive comments throughout the manga seem related to empathizing with other people. She empathizes with Aqua's pain of losing Ai with her own backstory, and can understand Gotonda's perspective due to her experience as an actress.
I think its likely she could help the twins understand Ai's darkness as Kana is Ai's direct parallel/foil as a character. The twins' lack of understanding Ai completely is further emphasized with Gotonda disagreeing with their interpretations of how Ruby is playing Ai when she declares she can't love Hikaru anymore.
Aqua could disagree with Kana's interpretation of Ai and the conversation could eventually lead to Kana questioning why Aqua is so adamant in villainizing Hikaru while acting like Ai was inherently pure in their relationship, ultimately leading to her figuring out the truth.
The alternative idea I had was that Akane herself tells Kana. It would be great for Akane's character since she's obsessed with Aqua and wanting to specifically be the one to save him. Now that she herself can't save him, she wants to stop him but she could consider that maybe someone else could save Aqua instead?
Hi. I saw you made many Felix related art, so I assume you interested in the character at some level...
What do you think about the episode Representation? Personally, it bothers bothers me that in his leterall previous apparance -wich offically happend probaly a few weeks earlier at most- he claims he hates the idea to creat, control and abuse a being, just to snap away when you have no more use of it.... Yet, he creats Once upon, seemingly with the only reason to use it for his own performance, what he or Kagami simply could have said directly to Marinette, and it's suggested he snaped it away afterward.... so, the literal opposite what he said he is against...
I'm interested in your oppinion, so, please, tell me your oppinion! 🙂
Hi! Yes, Félix is one of my favorite characters! I understand that some people have trouble understanding him, he's a character who serves his own interests and does his own justice, so he often makes more than questionable choices.
You're right, there was very little time between the episodes Pretension and Representation. Félix says he doesn't want to use the peacock miraculous, because he finds it cruel to use and manipulate living beings. So what he does in Representation may seem contradictory. But to me, it's consistent with the character.
Let's recall the context:
Kagami and Adrien are forcibly sent to London. Felix knows that their time is running out and that Monarch is planning something terrible. But now Felix isn't acting alone; he has someone to help him trust people a little more, and that's Kagami. According to the little conversation they had on the Eiffel Tower, it was Kagami who asked Félix to tell Marinette/Ladybug the truth, because she knows that only she can defeat Monarch. Félix is still hesitating, as Kagami isn't even one hundred percent sure that Ladybug is really Marinette. But they have no choice: this is their last chance.
The fact that Felix went against his principles and created a sentimonster shows not only his great trust in Kagami, but also that Felix had no time/no choice and had to sacrifice a sentimonster for a good cause. Unlike Shadowmoth and Mayura, Felix doesn't control the sentimonster when he asks for help. Kagami has the ring with the sentimonster's amok. The sentimonster agrees to help him of his own free will. (I think the sentimonster even knew he had to die after completing his mission).
Why did Felix come up with such a complicated plan to tell Marinette the truth when he could have just talked to her?
We’re talking about Félix here… a boy who doesn't think like a normal human being xD
More seriously, there are several reasons:
- Felix isn't very good at talking. Every time we see him, he acts before we understand what he wants to do. Kagami can't speak either, and it's not her job to tell the story of Felix and Adrien's family.
- Time was running out. He had to find a quick and clear way to tell Marinette without her asking too many questions.
- It's simply more enjoyable and understandable for viewers to be told this way. Don't forget that Miraculous' target audience is children aged 5 to 10. Having two characters talk for long minutes is boring and incomprehensible to children. You need visuals.
Let's also stop looking for realism in cartoons. Yes, in reality, what Felix has done makes no sense and could have been solved differently. But what's so important about that? Isn't it more fun that Félix made a little show to tell his family's story?
It's like seeing people say that Master Fu is a horrible person for choosing children as superheroes. Or that it's childish for Gabriel to fight teenagers. Or that the Miraculous timeline doesn't make sense because it's always spring, Valentine's Day took place before Christmas, etc. Do you like to have a bit of fun now and then? The great thing about cartoons like Miraculous is that they don't have to be realistic. Not everything has to make sense to make sense! (This message isn't aimed at you personally, I'm talking about the fandom in general).
But hey, I got a little off topic. Thanks for asking these questions, I find the character of Felix fascinating and enjoy discussing it.
Ai's T.V. Drama -> Parallels with AquaKana during the Main Stage Arc
Considering how most of the entertainment that's been focused on in OnK parallels/foreshadows the characters' "real-life" events:
- That was the Start - Parallels Crow Girl & Ruby's meeting during the Private arc, along with Crow Girl's current acting role
- Sweet Today - Potentially foreshadowing OnK's ending
- Tokyo Blade - Paralleling numerous character arcs, including Aqua's, Akane's, and Melt's, along with the "love triangle"
I think that Ai's T.V. Drama from the prologue parallels the Main Stage arc with AquaKana.
The episode involves the male lead avoiding the female lead and her thinking that its because she did something wrong considering the male lead isn't telling her why he's avoiding her, similar to how Aqua avoided Kana and her thinking that its her fault.
As the episode goes on, its revealed that the male lead had an actual reason as to why the two couldn't see each other, which reminds me of Aqua and Kana finally having a conversation about Aqua's distance in ch107 with him revealing that he's been avoiding Kana to protect her.
This could be a coincidence since "Person A avoiding Person B for X reason" is common in romance but considering all the parallels OnK likes to do with its story beats, I like thinking of it as an intentional parallel.
Mem-Cho's Realization about Aqua's Feelings: Unambiguous and Correct
I don't believe the chapter 83 conversation in Mem-Cho's apartment is as ambiguous as some people may believe, or that its incorrect. Yes, Mem-Cho is unaware of Aqua's trauma, but that doesn't change the fact regarding what she realized about Aqua's feelings. Additionally, Mem-Cho is also an idol so if Aqua's reasons for avoiding Kana were purely motivated by PTSD, then he should be avoiding Mem at all costs too, rather than going to her apartment at night.
Almost like a part of him does understand that being near Mem isn't going to immediately throw them both into a scandal but still takes extreme measures for Kana.
To me, this was the one of the 2 explicit confirmations (as of ch125) that Aqua had romantic feelings for Kana - the other being Akane's monologue in ch87. It's especially obvious when you realize it parallels with Mem-Cho's realization about Kana's Feelings for Aqua.
Mem-Cho with Kana's Feelings for Aqua
During the First Concert arc, Mem-Cho hasn't ever seen Kana and Aqua interact on a normal basis, so seeing Kana constantly put Aqua down makes her come to a logical assumption that Kana must hate him for some reason.
After the concert, Kana starts talking to Aqua again, but their interaction is still stiff since the misunderstanding about Akane isn't cleared yet, which further supports Mem-Cho's incorrect assessment.
But as soon as Kana starts being happy that Aqua isn't dating Akane, Mem-Cho immediately notices and realizes the truth.
Mem-Cho doesn't actually complete her thought below even if most, if not all translations, have her clearly think that Kana likes Aqua, since she cuts herself off and based on phrasing structures in Japanese, the verb isn't spoken.
The literal translation would actually be 'Arima-chan ____s Aqu-tan'.
But it's obvious on what Mem-Cho realized about Kana.
Going forward, Mem-Cho is usually the character used when Kana's feelings are brought up with another character.
Mem-Cho with Aqua's Feelings for Kana
In the Main Stage arc, Mem-Cho confronts Aqua regarding him avoiding Kana. She believes Aqua's unaware of how his behaviour towards Kana could be perceived, which may have contributed towards Kana's "obsession" over Aqua.
But Aqua rebutted this, and opens up about how he actually feels regarding the situation, revealing that he only is doing this to protect Kana even if it hurts both of them.
From this, Mem-Cho realizes that its not Kana who is obsessed between the two, but its Aqua.
Mem-Cho realizes that Aqua cares for Kana much more than she initially assumed, seeing that the idea of Kana being put in danger is making Aqua have a meltdown.
'For Aqu-tan, Kana-chan is...'. : The direct translation of this line from Japanese would be 'Aqu-tan is the one who ___s Kana-chan', and it's easy to fill in the verb based on the context.
After their conversation, we see Mem-Cho bring up Kana more often to Aqua, even teasing him about "Ah-kun".
Parallels
Both situations involve Mem-Cho initially misunderstanding the situation when one of the two act distant/cold towards the other. Not because Mem-Cho's bad at reading situations (she's actually great at it), but because she was working off of minimal information.
Once she saw Aqua/Kana let their true feelings slip out, she immediately pieced together that her initial assumption was incorrect and came to the correct conclusion: That the person in-question actually loved the other romantically.
In both situations, her thoughts are cut off from the audience:
'Arima-chan ____s Aqu-tan'
'Aqu-tan is the one who ___s Kana-chan'
Finally, this isn't the only example of Aqua and Kana paralleling one another during the First Concert/Main Stage arc, as another example are the scenes where they push one another away.
It would not make sense to parallel these scenes if they both weren't based off of romantic feelings.