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A Trip Through English History

@english-history-trip / english-history-trip.tumblr.com

Facts, pictures, and musing from the history of England.
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"As far as we know, Ende was a Spanish illustrator who lived in the late 10th century and is regarded as the first female European artist to be recorded. She spent a portion of her life at San Salvador de Tábara Monastery in Tábara, Kingdom of León in Medieval Spain. According to the research of John Williams, one of the most eminent experts in Spanish medieval art, Ende may not have been a nun but rather belonged to a group of noble women from León who, during those years, rejected both convent life and instead managed their wealth and in a sense decided to go their way.

The Tabara scriptorium, which generated some of the Spanish Middle Ages’ most significant codices, was a cultural lighthouse at the time. Ende felt tremendously at ease working and living at Tábara Monastery, according to her illuminated manuscripts. Above all, it brought Ende closer to the dominant cultural movement of the day, recognizing the need to preserve sacred passages and everlasting images, working for her faith and herself."

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"Then I said to her: “My lady, these examples show that long ago, the wise were honored more than they are now and the sciences were held in greater esteem. But regarding your words about women who are expert in the art of painting, I know a woman right now by the name of Anastasia who is so talented and skilled in painting decorative borders on manuscripts and landscape backgrounds that one cannot find an artisan to equal her in the whole city of Paris, where the best in the world are found.

She so excels at painting flower motifs in the most exquisite detail and is so highly esteemed that she is entrusted with the richest and most valuable manuscripts. I know this from my own experience, because she has done work for me that is considered exceptional among the decorations created by other great artisans."

Christine de Pizan (1364-1430), The Book of the City of Ladies (finished c. 1405)

Portrait of Christine de Pizan at work in her 1405 Advision Christine, bordered with decorative filigree matching the description of work by Anastasia.

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lotrmusical

never let anyone tell you that trawling through mediocre victorian poetry isn't worth it. we just happened upon an absolute BANGER of a worm poem. go read it or else 🪱🪱🪱

the reviews are in... glad everyone's enjoying song of the worm

[id: tumblr tags reading 'dude This Fucking Rules', 'holy fucking shit! that was legit so cool?', 'holy shit that is fucking metal', 'oh this fucks severely', 'yeah no this fucking SLAPS', 'yo this RULES']

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wilwheaton

Holy fucking shit this is one of the most incredible things I have ever read. I am dead serious. I PROMISE you that you want to read this, and you're going to immediately send it to all your weird friends who you also know will love it.

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In 1931, a scholar named Bernhard Bischoff decoded a cypher placed between two saints’ lives in an early ninth-century manuscript from Eichstätt, Germany. The lives were written about Saints Willibald and Winnebald, two English brothers who in the eighth century became, respectively, the Bishop of Eichstätt and Abbott of Heidenheim, both in the modern day region of Bavaria. The cypher reads:
Secundumgquartum quintumnprimum sprimumxquartumntertium cprimum nquartummtertiumnsecundum hquintumgsecundum bquintumrc quartumrdinando hsecundumc scrtertium bsecundumbprimumm
Bischoff worked out that all vowels had been replaced by ordinal numbers - ‘second, g, fourth, fifth, n, first, s…’ and so on. Each of these numbers could be replaced with the corresponding vowel, to make the Latin sentence: Ego una Saxonica nomine Hugeburc ordinando hec scribebam I, a Saxon nun called Hugeburc, have written this ... Hugeburc is the earliest known English woman author of a full-text literary work.
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"Burginda’s letter is instructing the young man in his spiritual endeavours, and the contents of the (albeit short) letter reveal that she was highly educated and well-read. Written in a period that many still refer to erroneously as an intellectual ‘Dark Ages’, Burginda’s letter uses Greek words, utilises biblical exegesis, imitates Christian poetry like the fifth-century Psychomachia of Prudentius, and references both the sixth-century Italian poet Arator and the classical Roman poet Virgil. It also contains a reworking of a description of heaven found in a Latin poem from Africa that dates to c. 500. Burginda was clearly a very well-read intellectual.

This letter can be used as an example to refute many popular misconceptions about the early middle ages. The first misconception is that antique texts were neglected or unknown in this period. The second misconception is that medieval women were uneducated and unintellectual. The third misconception is that there was little or no intellectual transmission between Africa and Europe in this period. Burginda’s letter proves all these assumptions false. Not bad for two paragraphs of Latin."

The 8th-century letter in question (as transcribed into a larger manuscript):

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Just opened Northanger Abbey for the first time, and I'm loving the tone it sets, but goddamn:

"[Catherine's father was] a very respectable man, though his name was Richard..."

So we've been spending a few chapters with this lady who keeps going on and on about her clothes and nothing else, and it's like Fine, boring lady, but then her son rocks up and this is the first thing he says to his mother:

"Ah, mother! how do you do?" said he, giving her a hearty shake of the hand: "where did you get that quiz of a hat, it makes you look like an old witch?"

BRUH. Your mother has ONE INTEREST, and you spiked it into the ground with surgical precision. What a great way to instantly encapsulate this guy's character.

Mansplaining, brought to you by Jane Austen:

She was heartily ashamed of her ignorance. A misplaced shame. Where people wish to attach, they should always be ignorant. To come with a well-informed mind, is to come with an inability of administering to the vanity of others, which a sensible person would always wish to avoid. A woman especially, if she have the misfortune of knowing any thing, should conceal it as well as she can.
...
[t]hough to the larger and more trifling part of the [male] sex, imbecility in females is a great enhancement of their personal charms, there is a portion of them too reasonable and too well informed themselves to desire any thing more in woman than ignorance.
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Percy Shelley doodling while helping his wife edit the draft of her first novel, Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus (1818):

The idea for the story was devised in mid-June 1816. The draft shown here was written between August and December 1816, and it was revised until April 1817. The book was published January 1st 1818 when Mary was 20-years-old. She was only 18 when she conceived the story, as her 19th birthday was on August 30th 1816.

Source: The Shelley-Godwin Archive online

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I think the reason why books and films that try to make a Lizzie Bennet-esque character fall short is because they think Lizzie is a "not like the other girls" kind of girl, but really Mary Bennet is like that (one might also argue that Darcy is not like the other girls). Lizzie doesn't hide in a corner with a book during dances. She's friendly, and social, and truly enjoys being around others. She's neither flighty and obsessed with social events or overly sober and reclusive. Lizzie embodies such a healthy balance compared to the absurdities of the people around her that it was easy for her to miss her own pride. Other works that try to have a protagonist with a Lizzie Bennet-esque appeal fail because they leave out Lizzie's general good nature and make their character witty and judgy but also just generally misanthropic and self-absorbed. They try to capture Lizzie's wit but none of her nuance and so end up making a bunch of Mary Bennet characters that the real Lizzie Bennet would have a field day with laughing at their absurdities.

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Lizzy

#this is so freaking funny (itspileofgoodthings)

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koboldspucke

#adaptations really do often underplay how much#pride and prejudice#darcy’s ‘unexpected’ proposal#is basically the ‘did you just flirt with me’ ‘have been for the past [few months] but thanks for noticing’ meme#like this scene#or the one where Lizzy and him are ALONE in the Collins’ house talking about women marrying and moving far from home#& he’s trying to suss out whether she’d be cool with marrying him and living far away from her own home#and she is like ‘well obviously it’s fine if you have enough money to afford the travel’ and he’s like ‘oh?!? and uhhh…#you’re not super attached to your home yourself are you? like you’d be fine with not constantly visiting [your weird embarrassing family]?’#SHE IS SO CLUELESS

The 1980 adaptation had fun with Surprise Encounter! Darcy:

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Astonishing that one small country should within less than a century produce both Dickens and Wodehouse, the two undisputed titans of literature about aunts. Never have aunts been so clearly realized. I know many aunts who still strive to live up to the standard.

Austen had some pretty solid aunts too.

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I remember reblogging something about this ages ago when it first came out but didn’t tag it properly so now it’s lost on my blog. Rectifying that now because I find Elizabeth’s passion for translations and languages to be one of the coolest things about her!

Some excerpts:

It was a match. “Her late handwriting is usefully messy – there really is nothing like it – and the idiosyncratic flourishes serve as diagnostic tools. If you were a professional scribe you were trained to write regularly and elegantly, you needed your writing to be understood. As a general rule the higher up the hierarchy you are the more liberties you can take. In her later years, you have letters sent by Elizabeth and then an aide adding: ‘Sorry, please find a fair copy here.’ In terms of proving someone’s authorship that’s an absolute gift. That was the exciting moment, the real clincher.”

This can also be seen when you compare Elizabeth’s early handwriting as a child and young woman (so pretty and legibile even a modern person can comfortable read and understand it without prior training) to her handwriting as an older queen (you have to be a professional paleographer to make any sense of it at that point lol)

The text translated by Elizabeth deals with the death of the first Roman emperor Augustus and the rise of his successor Tiberiu. It also features a section in which Germanicus’s wife, Agrippina, calms unruly troops. Part of Elizabeth’s translation of this part reads: “She a woman of great courage playde the Captaine for that tyme, and bestowed on the soldiors as euery man needed or was wounded, bread and clothes … she stoode at the bridges end to give lawde and praise to the returning legions.”
Elizabeth, he added, was extremely skilled with languages and an enthusiastic translator, probably undertaking her translations – already known to have included names from Cicero to John Calvin – in her leisure time. “Across her translations, she’s undertaking them at a pace so there are occasional slips of comprehension, words being missed out, but on the other hand she’s a better Latinist than I will ever be,” said Philo.

Same lmao my latin modules were a struggle.

Looks pretty legible to me!

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I kind of love that one of Jane Austen's biggest fans was the Prince Regent (later George IV). She didn't think very well of the nobility in general, but she motherfucking hated him, a wastrel who very flagrantly cheated on his wife.

But he loved her writing, was the first recorded purchaser of Sense and Sensibility, and kept copies of her books in all his residences. She never made enough from her writing to live on during her lifetime, so this wasn't support she could casually toss aside. His librarian kept suggesting ideas for new books to her, which she turned down with exquisite politeness. Much to her aggravation, she found herself obliged to dedicate Emma to the man.

Local Novelist Is So Talented She Can't Beat Royal Patron Off With A Stick

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snoozingcat

You can read more about this here

I've thought about it and this is so funny because a moral novelist having to civilly endure being patronized by a dissolute nobleman who loves but also totally doesn't get her books is exactly the kind of thing that would happen in a Jane Austen novel.

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