Queer Coding villains is a thing, I suppose you could call this Racial Coding?
For those unfamiliar with the concept, Queer Coding is giving a character stereotypical characteristics of LGBT people without outright identifying them as LGBT. This include prissy behavior, flamboyancy, high fashion, and effeminate behavior in male characters, and often these characters are the antagonist or otherwise cause problems for the protagonist. I’m hoping they’re falling more and more out of practice because it’s relying on the harmful trope of Gay = Bad and immoral to lazily design villains.
So I don’t know if Racial Coding is as well established as a trope, (It ought to be, I’m just more familiar with the Queer version,) but anyway the principle is about the same.