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Bay Area has become more segregated over decades, report says
Many Bay Area neighborhoods that had been considered fully segregated in 1980 were more homogeneous and considered lightly segregated 30 years later.
www.mercurynews.com

“The Bay Area has become more racially segregated since 1990, mirroring a long-running national trend of cities and neighborhoods dividing more starkly along ethnic lines, according to a new study by UC Berkeley researchers at the Othering & Belonging Institute.

Although the Bay Area has one of the country’s most diverse populations, researchers say ethnic groups have settled into homogenous neighborhoods, often hindering economic advancement in segregated communities of color. But the Bay Area is not alone—more than 8 in 10 metro areas have become more exclusionary in recent decades.

“The United States continues to be a place of segregation, not integration,” said report author Stephen Menendian. The study measured and ranked demographic, housing and income patterns in nearly 200 U.S. metros with populations greater than 200,000.

Menendian said land use policies, including restrictions on denser housing and apartments, have driven segregation, particularly in the Bay Area. “It’s crystal clear that excessive restrictive zoning plays a significant role.”

Researchers believe the analysis will give elected leaders and planners another tool to gauge housing disparities and re-evaluate public policy on economic equity, policing and systemic racial biases. 

Researchers used census data to track migration patterns, housing costs, income, education, and health metrics for every census tract in the U.S. They also incorporated exclusionary zoning maps from the 1930s, which barred people from communities of color from buying into many neighborhoods. An online map tracks segregation measures from 1980 to 2019. 

“You can shift the map view to see which highly segregated neighborhoods are white and which are communities of color. Go to "Measures of Segregation -> Overview -> Seg/Int-Detailed".” twitter/smenendian

“The Bay Area was more integrated in previous generations. In 1980, neighborhoods in Santa Clara, Mountain View, San Jose, Hayward,  Milpitas, Oakland and San Francisco were considered fully integrated, researchers said. By 2019, many of those neighborhoods became more homogeneous and considered lightly segregated. Most lightly segregated Bay Area neighborhoods have become highly segregated today, researchers say. 

The study builds off the researchers’ previous work on housing policy and analysis of zoning in the Bay Area. They found roughly 80% of the region’s residential property is zoned for single family homes—a telling indicator for racial segregation. Neighborhoods restricted to single family homes are more likely to be exclusively White than communities with a mix of apartments and homes, researchers found.”

read more: eastbaytimes, 21.06.2021. 

#segregation#inequality#inequity#racism#maps#america#bay area#research#land use#urban planning#housing
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BART makes better use of their surface parking lots. 

“Nearly 1,000 units are under construction on BART property, with another 2,000 in the planning process. And those are just the beginning—the transit system wants to boost production and build about 14,000 more units over the next two decades. None of those figures include the countless other developments on privately owned land near BART stations.“

read more: eastbaytimes, 04.02.2021.  and: “the japanese model for station development.” streetsblog, 01.11.18.  BART transit-oriented development. 

#development#BART#TOD#land use#east bay#bay area#housing#maps
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covid-19 muni core service plan is now in effect. sfmta, 08.04.2020. 

  • dark blue: routes with frequencies of 10 mins or less
  • light blue: routes with frequencies of 10-20 mins

and: modified owl (late night) bus service starts earlier at 10pm. sfmta, 07.04.2020. 

“The SFMTA has instituted some of the strongest health protections for our operators, mechanics, car cleaners and customers to minimize the risk of transmission on our buses. Many of our operators are more vulnerable to COVID-19 due to their age or preexisting health conditions, so they are sheltering in place in accordance with the city’s order. This has made it difficult for us to fully staff all of our routes.”

#bus#buses#coronavirus#san francisco#sf#muni#transit#transportation#public transit#transport#public transport#maps
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Summer in the City Is Hot, but Some Neighborhoods Suffer More
New research shows that summer temperatures can vary as much as 20 degrees across different parts of a city, with poor and minority neighborhoods often bearing the brunt.
www.nytimes.com

“Buildings and paved surfaces – like major roadways, uncovered parking lots and industrial zones – amplified heat, while large parks and other green spaces cooled down the surrounding areas. In cities like Baltimore and Washington, some of the hottest temperatures were recorded in dense residential neighborhoods with little tree cover and plenty of asphalt to absorb and radiate solar energy.

As climate change makes summers hotter, the health risks associated with these hyperlocal heat islands will grow.

“A conspicuous belt of high heat stretched east of downtown, across residential neighborhoods made up of dense row houses, typically with no yards and little tree cover. Average temperatures in this area, which is majority African American and largely lower-income, hovered between 98 and 99 degrees, with hot spots reaching as high as 102 degrees.

At the same time, average temperatures in the more affluent, tree-lined residential areas in the city’s north, as well as those surrounding Leakin Park to the west, stayed in the low 90s.

high heat: downtown baltimore.

cooler temperatures: franklintown, a historic neighborhood near leakin park.

“Baltimore is trying to ease the heat burden by planting more trees. The city plans to increase its tree canopy to cover 40% of the city, up from 28% in 2015, according to Lisa McNeilly, director of the Baltimore Office of Sustainability.

The city is also trying to turn some of its vacant lots into permanent green spaces. When abandoned or derelict homes are demolished, the land beneath them is sometimes used for parking. But by turning those lots into small parks, Ms. McNeilly said, Baltimore can increase the amount of vegetation and make neighborhoods cooler.

But those changes take time. Meanwhile, city officials are working to open more community cooling centers to give more people without air-conditioning a way escape the heat.”

read more: nytimes, 09.08.19. 

#research#mapping#maps#baltimore#Summer#heat#weather#land use#sustainability#urban greening
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