Okay so I'm not French or anything but how come everyone in Les Misérables has a weird fucking name. Real French people are named like Paul and Louis and shit but in Les Mis everyone has a name I've never heard of. Fantine? Cosette? Javert? Don't know them
Not sure if you actually were looking for an answer, but in case you were:
a lot of the first names that sound unusual (like Fantine and Cosette!) are nicknames, or unusual names in some way; “Fantine” gets her name from “Enfantine”, which someone called her when she was a little street kid. “Cosette” is an abbreviation of Cosette’s on-paperwork name “Euphrasie” (don’t ask how that’s a nickname it’s a Complicated Pun). “Eponine” (like her sister, Azelma) is supposed to have a very unusual name that Mme Thenardier gave her because it was dramatic, something out of a book-- a modern equivalent would be...well, it would be an American naming their kid Eponine, really.
“Javert” is probably the name Javert was given as a foundling-foundling kids were given new names by the state, and all it had to be was completely unlinking him from his birth family.. This is also probably what’s up with “Feuilly” in the Amis; he’s an orphan,it’s an incredibly trade-linked name, it’s probably not what his parents were called.
As for the rest of the Amis, they’re all going by last names too--except Jean Prouvaire, whose “Jehan” nickname is pretty usual sort of self-chosen thing for a French Romantic. . At least some of the Amis’ names are known French last names, though some (like Enjolras) are quite rare. The rest seem to be invented in the same sort of way that Dickens invented last names for some of his characters, for the sound/suggested meaning of it all. (and yeah it seems a little weird that a group of friends is all going by last names with each other until you’ve read a lot of Hugo’s correspondence and realize this dude was just. Absurdly formal. Even with really good friends! so it’s probably his idea of How People Do.)
Of course the REALLY weird name is Jean Valjean, which seems perfectly normal! Until Hugo tells us he’s the son of Jean and Jeanne,who was raised by his sister, Jeanne. (... and it’s all in service of another complicated pun)
So yeah that’s definitely more of an answer than you wanted but uh. I hope it’s ...useful?? Maybe in a trivia contest?? XD
- Didn't know that Les Mis would have an active fandom on account of the musical came out in 1980 and the book came out in the 1800s.
- That makes sense.
- Since you seem to know a lot about this, does Inspector Javert have a first name?
1. Yeah but the musical’s still running and the book’s still in print, so the fandom never dies! Unlike almost all the characters in the story :P
2.Yay, glad it made sense!
3. He has no first name given in the book! There’ve been too many adaptations for me to keep easy track of, and one of them may assign him one. But it’s very likely “Javert” is his whole name, as foundlings/ kids taken by the government were generally just given the one name (and, of course, He Was Born Inside a Jail, so it’s very likely he was raised as a foundling).
Adding on, guys calling each other by last name is pretty normal in the English-language literature of this period. Dropping the honorific shows informality and a degree of intimacy, and is really common between young men who are friends. Women will use first names in similar circumstances, but the examples I can think of where men are called solely by first names are basically just employers addressing junior servants, or else close relatives (parents, siblings, people who knew you as a child). Even wives will refer to their husbands as Mr. Lastname.
[Honorific + First name + Last Name is standard for differentiating between people with the same surname, so it isn’t that first names are somehow secret, it’s just not the social convention. I have a hypothesis about how public/private sphere ideas affect the use of first names, but haven’t had time to fully research it...]
I just want to add two things: the names used in Les Misérables were often street names in Paris, and their originality allowed Hugo to build 'types': a Javert, an Enjolras, a Gavroche all mean something in today's France. Some of the names, such as Fantine (I know several) and Cosette (very rare but given during the 20th century), are also given to children by French teachers which means they're actually known as first names now.