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Biomedical Ephemera, or: A Frog for Your Boils

@biomedicalephemera / biomedicalephemera.tumblr.com

A blog for all biological and medical ephemera, from the age of Abraham through the era of medical quackery and cure-all nostrums. Featuring illustrations, history, and totally useless trivia from the diverse realms of nature and medicine. Buy me a coffee so I can stay up and keep the lights on around here!
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American Cross Fox

This is actually a partially-melanistic form of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) - like the fully-melanistic silver fox, the only difference between the Cross Fox and the red fox is the coloration of the coat. There seem to be differences in body size and coat texture between the three, but it's been shown that those differences are due to environment and diet.

The Quadrupeds of North America. John James Audubon, 1851.

ETA: This is actually  a gray fox. Whoops.

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Skeleton of Mesohippus bairdi

The Mesohippus lived in the late Eocene to early Ogliocene eras (30-40 million years ago), in North America. These proto-horses had three toes, and primarily used the center toe. Though they were structurally a long way off from the modern horse (not to mention only 60 cm/~2 ft tall), they were much closer to the Equus ferus we know than their ancestors, the Hyracotherium. Aside from their feet, their teeth and legs were moving quickly up the the evolutionary ladder.

Notes on the Osteology of the White River Horses. Marcus S. Farr, 1896.

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Black rats (Rattus rattus) are smaller and more agile than brown rats, and are known as "roof rats", for their propensity to climb power lines and roofs and infest attics (as opposed to ground floors/cellars/sewers like brown rats do). They're also the rats that carried the fleas that brought Yersinia pestis to Europe in the middle ages.

Quadrupeds of North America. John James Audubon. 1851.

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