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ex0skeletay
Detail from marble floor, Cornaro Chapel, Church of Santa Maria della Vittoria, Rome, Italy, 17th century
Featured in Hannibal S03E02
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Anglo-Saxon Cremation Pots from Cleatham Cemetery, North Lincolnshire Museum, Scunthorpe
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kansas miku… there’s not a whole lot as far as popular culture goes so she’s basically just wizard of oz miku also
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Remember. This is before the internet was massive in the public.
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Sumerian Veteran: *has severe PTSD but doesn't know it because the term won't be invented for another 5000 years* I fight the same battle in my dreams every night and my relationship with my family has fallen apart.
Sumerian Healer: *saw hundreds of veterans with the exact same affliction before* You're cursed by desert demons.
actually we have recorded texts of sumerian warriors describing symptoms that closely match ptsd, and the diagnoses was not desert demons, but rather "Those dudes you killed are still attacking you with their ghosts because you killed them"
I actually sniffed around this topic of ptsd and post-battle attitudes (for a thing I'm writing) a little while ago, and read both articles on post-battle rituals PLUS comparative discussions on expressions of PTSD historically vs now. Obviously, we have to take into account the actual targeted study of human psychology as a science is a young discipline BUT that doesn't mean the human condition was never spoken about. It was a persistent source of rumination and thought but its outlet was in philosophy, art - and religion.
So whilst, yes, they didn't scientifcally diagnose it as post-traumatic stress disorder, or trauma, they did recognise that unique, violent and dramatic events did plague the psyche. One of the core ways to release this stress was after the event, when combatants would recovene with each other and very importantly - undergo the long march back. This is an extended period of time when men would be among peers who also endured a similar experience so they could share their burdens among others who understood. This could be from a few weeks to several months of journey with each other before they were expected to return to 'civilian life'. This is a stark contrast to modern home returns, which can be less than a few days due to modern modes of transport, and which means the return to civilian life is stark and sudden.
Many cultures also engaged in religious observances before and after battles, which assisted in mentally demarcating the events and offered a sense of purification and mental/emotional release. A lot of combatants found solace in the justification and forgiveness offered through the symbolism of religious sacrifices and rituals, because it could mentally assist them in letting go of the memory or event, or providing acknowledgment or validation from their faith/community. [And looking back, in both instances, a shared sense and reinforcement of communal identity seem to be themes here]
Obviously, this didn't mean no one suffered PTSD in the ancient world, and there are many recorded cases of hysteria, melancholia and strange altered behaviour in men who returned home, but it's not like there wasn't sincere and compassionate attempts to help them.
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botanical illustrations
from the codex fuchs (vol. VIII), a manuscript edition of the notable commentaries on the history of plants by leonhart fuchs, tübingen, c. 1540-66
source: Vienna, ÖNB, Cod. 11124
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Jan 21: another Kimono creation by kimono-designers of ‘Modern Antenna’
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Jon Snow and Ygritte by Magali Villeneuve
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Denis Gorodnichiy - Cleared Up, 2023 - Oil on board
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Brünnhilde by Arthur Rackham
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Familial history is not sensed merely as a series of events following one on the heels of another; nay, the living are filled by their ancestors. All history lay unfolded in its breadth, so that all that had once happened was happening again and again. Every kinsman felt himself as living all that one of his kin had once lived into the world, and he did not merely feel himself as possessing the deeds of old: he actually renewed them in his own doings. Any interference with what had been acquired and handed down, even if acquired from raiding or robbery, had to be met with vengeance, because a field of the picture of honour was crushed by the blow. But an openly expressed doubt as to whether that old grandfather really had done what he was said to have done is just as fatal to life, because it tears something out of his living kin; the taunt touches not only the dead man of old, but still more him who now lives through the former's achievements. The insult is a cut into the man himself; it tears a piece out of his brain, making a hole which is gradually filled with ideas of madness.
The Culture of the Teutons by Vilhelm Grønbech.
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Me too